腹壁可触及肿物的超声筛选（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 裹尿管肺部A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )裹尿管肺部可考裹和膀胱之间，通常位于裹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可可考仅位于裹下。这些肺部可展现出为完全无回音或低回音。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 布11A，裹尿管肺部，此肺部已受感染，内部所含微弱回音的固体。B，裹尿管肺部，紧绷的肺部前壁造成反射伪影。

..Endometriosis胎盘子宫异位Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).面有胎盘子宫异位是胎盘移植手术后的长期以来合并症，无特殊展现出，但可于以前移植手术的瘢痕西北侧见一发散肿物，并有规律连续性的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 布12 ，剖宫产脸上西北侧胎盘子宫异位

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 面有血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可又称发烧连续性痉挛后、小便或抑郁症发烧后，其根本原因通常是抗凝疗程或出血连续性疾病。由于血肿允许于腹直肌鞘内，通常不很大，其形状根据所西北侧位置而定，在突起本站以上，血肿常为卵圆形，椭圆形上下方向，可于一侧看见（布13A）；在突起本站表列出，由于腹白本站缺如，可适配偏北中本站，因此血肿展现出为分叶状，其远超过长度位于横轴上。在早产面有血肿可可考裹上横向适配（布13B、C）。术后弥散连续性微血管内凝血的病患可于面有移植手术瘢痕郊外看见大的血肿（布13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 布13A，一中年妇女剧烈痉挛后腹直肌鞘血肿，对角指示腹横筋膜。B，早产面有血肿。C，一早产裹血管黏附西北侧里面的面有血肿。UV，裹血管。D，一弥散连续性微血管内凝血的剖宫产术后病患脸部西北侧面有血肿。

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